Few people discuss the fact that Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) was the most important artist of the 20th century. Born in Malaga, Spain, Picasso revealed his genius at a very early age and was quick to make contact with the most advanced art circles of his time, first in Barcelona and later in Paris. In the modernist quest for novelty, Picasso turned to pre-Modern history and ‘primitive’ art for inspiration. We owe him and his colleague Georges Braque the invention of Cubism, not just one of many avant-garde movements but the aesthetic that would change the art of painting forever. Once free from traditional values, Picasso produced an outstanding oeuvre, both in terms of variety and quality. Victoria Charles received her PhD in art history. She has published extensively on art history and has contributed to Art Information, an international guide to contemporary art. She is a regular contributor to journals and magazines, Victoria Charles recently contributed to a collective work, World History of Art.

The ultimate book on Picasso

Vincent van Gogh’s life and work are so intertwined that it is hardly possible to observe one without thinking of the other. Van Gogh has indeed become the incarnation of the suffering, misunderstood martyr of modern art, the emblem of the artist as an outsider. An article, published in 1890, gave details about van Gogh’s illness. The author of the article saw the painter as “a terrible and demented genius, often sublime, sometimes grotesque, always at the brink of the pathological.” Very little is known about Vincent’s childhood. At the age of eleven he had to leave “the human nest”, as he called it himself, for various boarding schools. The first portrait shows us van Gogh as an earnest nineteen year old. At that time he had already been at work for three years in The Hague and, later, in London in the gallery Goupil & Co. In 1874 his love for Ursula Loyer ended in disaster and a year later he was transferred to Paris, against his will. After a particularly heated argument during Christmas holidays in 1881, his father, a pastor, ordered Vincent to leave. With this final break, he abandoned his family name and signed his canvases simply “Vincent”. He left for Paris and never returned to Holland. In Paris he came to know Paul Gauguin, whose paintings he greatly admired. The self-portrait was the main subject of Vincent’s work from 1886c88. In February 1888 Vincent left Paris for Arles and tried to persuade Gauguin to join him. The months of waiting for Gauguin were the most productive time in van Gogh’s life. He wanted to show his friend as many pictures as possible and decorate the Yellow House. But Gauguin did not share his views on art and finally returned to Paris. On 7 January, 1889, fourteen days after his famous self-mutilation, Vincent left the hospital where he was convalescing. Although he hoped to recover from and to forget his madness, but he actually came back twice more in the same year. During his last stay in hospital, Vincent painted landscapes in which he recreated the world of his childhood. It is said that Vincent van Gogh shot himself in the side in a field but decided to return to the inn and went to bed. The landlord informed Dr Gachet and his brother Theo, who described the last moments of his life which ended on 29 July, 1890: “I wanted to die. While I was sitting next to him promising that we would try to heal him. [...], he answered, ‘La tristesse durera toujours (The sadness will last forever).’”

Vincent van Gogh

From its prehistoric origins to the conceptual modernity of the 21st century, sculpture has literally and figuratively moulded the art world. Offering an integral view at its evolution of form across civilisations and epochs, this work presents the masterpieces of sculpture that, with their timeless silhouettes, have shaped the current notion of beauty. Full of reflection on various eras, artists, and their times, this gallery in high relief presents numerous references, commentaries on works, and artist biographies. 30 Millennia of Sculpture opens the door to history and art, making it an ideal guide for both students and neophytes.

30 Millennia of Sculpture

A symbol of modernity, the Viennese Secession was defined by the rebellion of twenty artists who were against the conservative Vienna Künstlerhaus' oppressive influence over the city, the epoch, and the whole Austro-Hungarian Empire. Influenced by Art Nouveau, this movement (created in 1897 by Gustav Klimt, Carl Moll, and Josef Hoffmann) was not an anonymous artistic revolution. Defining itself as a “total art”, without any political or commercial constraint, the Viennese Secession represented the ideological turmoil that affected craftsmen, architects, graphic artists, and designers from this period. Turning away from an established art and immersing themselves in organic, voluptuous, and decorative shapes, these artists opened themselves to an evocative, erotic aesthetic that blatantly offended the bourgeoisie of the time. Painting, sculpture, and architecture are addressed by the authors and highlight the diversity and richness of a movement whose motto proclaimed “for each time its art, for each art its liberty” – a declaration to the innovation and originality of this revolutionary art movement.

The Viennese Secession

From the early Renaissance through Baroque and Romanticism to Cubism, Surrealism, and Pop, these canonical works of Western Art span eight centuries and a vast range of subjects. Here are the sacred and the scandalous, the minimalist and the opulent, the groundbreaking and the conventional. There are paintings that captured the feeling of an era and those that signaled the beginning of a new one. Works of art that were immediately recognised for their genius, and others that were at first met with resistance. All have stood the test of time and in their own ways contribute to the dialectic on what makes a painting great, how notions of art have changed, to what degree art reflects reality, and to what degree it alters it. Brought together, these great works illuminate the changing preoccupations and insights of our ancestors, and give us pause to consider which paintings from our own era will ultimately join the canon.

1000 Paintings of Genius

Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840), a prominent German painter of the 19th century, was a vital figure in the Romantic movement. His artwork is characterised by its poetic and melancholic essence, displaying a profound sense of spirituality and transcendence. In his paintings, he masterfully blended external nature depictions with deep inner symbolism. His often desolate landscapes and grand architecture evoke a yearning for peace, solitude, and spiritual elevation. The skilful utilisation of light and shadow in his composition amplifies the emotional resonance of Friedrich's art, imbuing it with an almost mystical quality. The artistic legacy of Caspar David Friedrich continues to influence contemporary landscape painting. His unparalleled aptitude for capturing the infinite within the finite renders his work a timeless representation of humanity's quest for transcendence and spiritual connection. This biography delves into the life and creations of this remarkable artist, celebrating his invaluable contributions to the evolution of Romantic painting.

Caspar David Friedrich. Master of the tragic landscape (5 September 1774 – 7 May 1840)

Flowers are the centerpiece in the majority of pictorial still-lifes. By painting their colours and forms, artists from Brueghel to O’Keeffe have created symbols for both life and mortality. Van Gogh’s sunflowers, Monet’s water lilies and Matisse’s bouquets are, of course, unforgotten. Most of the works contained in Flowers are true masterpieces, which have often marked whole epochs and styles.

Flowers 120 illustrations

Mega Square Sculpture spans over 23,000 years and over 120 examples of the most beautiful sculptures in the world: from prehistoric art and Egyptian statues to the works of Michelangelo, Henry Moore and Niki de Saint-Phalle. It illuminates the wide variety of materials used and the evolution of styles over centuries, as well as the peculiarities of the most important sculptors.

Sculpture 120 illustrations

Picasso was born a Spaniard and, so they say, began to draw before he could speak. As an infant he was instinctively attracted to artist’s tools. In early childhood he could spend hours in happy concentration drawing spirals with a sense and meaning known only to himself. At other times, shunning children’s games, he traced his first pictures in the sand. This early self-expression held out promise of a rare gift. Málaga must be mentioned, for it was there, on 25 October 1881, that Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born and it was there that he spent the first ten years of his life. Picasso’s father was a painter and professor at the School of Fine Arts and Crafts. Picasso learnt from him the basics of formal academic art training. Then he studied at the Academy of Arts in Madrid but never finished his degree. Picasso, who was not yet eighteen, had reached the point of his greatest rebelliousness; he repudiated academia’s anemic aesthetics along with realism’s pedestrian prose and, quite naturally, joined those who called themselves modernists, the non-conformist artists and writers, those whom Sabartés called “the élite of Catalan thought” and who were grouped around the artists’ café Els Quatre Gats. During 1899 and 1900 the only subjects Picasso deemed worthy of painting were those which reflected the “final truth”; the transience of human life and the inevitability of death. His early works, ranged under the name of “Blue Period” (1901-1904), consist in blue-tinted paintings influenced by a trip through Spain and the death of his friend, Casagemas. Even though Picasso himself repeatedly insisted on the inner, subjective nature of the Blue Period, its genesis and, especially, the monochromatic blue were for many years explained as merely the results of various aesthetic influences. Between 1905 and 1907, Picasso entered a new phase, called “Rose Period” characterised by a more cheerful style with orange and pink colours. In Gosol, in the summer of 1906 the nude female form assumed an extraordinary importance for Picasso; he equated a depersonalised, aboriginal, simple nakedness with the concept of “woman”...

Pablo Picasso and artworks

The influence of works by French artists extends itself across all artistic styles, and many French works have gained world fame as classics. This book gives an overview of the French milestones in still lifes, portraits, and landscapes, and includes artists like Poussin, Clouet, Moreau, Millet, Courbet, Signac, and Rouault. The convenient format makes the Mega Square edition an ideal gift for any art lover.

French Painting 120 illustrations

At the beginning of the 20th-century, trends started to emerge that began to diverge from a naturalistic conception of reality and set out to explore beneath the mere superficial appearance of things. Throughout, the author shows that, regardless of the multitude of stylistic backgrounds in individual Western countries, everywhere, realisation that a work of art was no longer made in the spirit of the old aesthetics of imitation as if taken from nature, but rather rises from its own independent dimension of existence. A work of art is now autonomous. In this book, the author traces and analyses the origins and the history of abstract art as well as iconic movements and groundbreaking visionaries in an original and exciting way.

Art History Abstract art

Deriving from the French word rocaille, in reference to the curved forms of shellfish, and the Italian barocco, the French created the term ‘Rococo’. Appearing at the beginning of the 18th century, it rapidly spread to the whole of Europe. Extravagant and light, Rococo responded perfectly to the spontaneity of the aristocracy of the time. In many aspects, this art was linked to its predecessor, Baroque, and it is thus also referred to as late Baroque style. While artists such as Tiepolo, Boucher and Reynolds carried the style to its apogee, the movement was often condemned for its superficiality. In the second half of the 18th century, Rococo began its decline. At the end of the century, facing the advent of Neoclassicism, it was plunged into obscurity. It had to wait nearly a century before art historians could restore it to the radiance of its golden age, which is rediscovered in this work by Klaus H. Carl and Victoria Charles.

Rococo

Chagall wurde in einer strenggläubigen jüdischen Familie geboren, in der das Verbot, den Menschen bildlich darzustellen, zum religiösen Dogma gehörte. Zwar lebte Chagalls Familie in ärmlichen Verhältnissen, litt jedoch keine Not. Nachdem er zunächst bei der Aufnahmeprüfung für die Kunstschule des Barons Stieglitz durchgefallen war, gelang es ihm, in die von Nikolai Roerich geleitete Schule der Kaiserlichen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Künste aufgenommen zu werden. Chagall wählte später als Wohnsitz Paris. In dem Künstlerviertel La Ruche traf er viele Landsleute – u.a. Lipschitz, Zadkine, Soutine und Archipenko –, die, angezogen vom Ruhm der Weltstadt, ebenfalls nach Paris gekommen waren. Bereits in den ersten Schriften über Chagall, die in den 1920er Jahren erschienen, wurde mit Recht behauptet, dass Paris seiner Malkunst den nötigen Schliff gegeben habe, eine sensible Sprödigkeit und Bestimmtheit der Linien, die nun eine sichere und genaue Stimmigkeit mit dem Farbklang bekamen, so dass die Linie gegenüber der Farbe oft zum beherrschenden Element wurde. Chagall besaß von Natur aus eine “stilistische Immunität”, er ließ sich in seinem Schaffen anregen und bereichern, jedoch ohne seinem eigenen Stil untreu zu werden. Er begeisterte sich für das Werk anderer Künstler, lernte von ihnen und streifte seine jugendliche Unbeholfenheit ab, seinen “Archimedespunkt” aber verlor er nie. Bezeichnend ist, dass Kritiker und Forscher in ihren Abhandlungen über Chagalls Kunst häufig zur musikalischen Terminologie greifen. Chagalls Motive und Gestalten verfügen über eine klangliche Wirkung. So erscheint die Farbe als Rhythmus, die Linie als Melodie. Diese Metaphorik entspricht einer Malkunst, die gleich der Musik auf den Begriff der Zeit bezogen ist.

Chagall

Goya ist einer der zugänglichsten Maler. Seine Kunst ist wie sein Leben ein offenes Buch und es ist nicht die Kunst einer idealen, sondern einer garstigen und unheimlichen Welt. Er kam als Sohn eines Vergolders in einem kleinen Bergdorf mit hundert Einwohnern zur Welt. Als Kind arbeitete er zusammen mit seinen Geschwistern auf dem Feld, bis sein Zeichentalent entdeckt wurde. Dank der Vermittlung eines Gönners kam er als 14-Jähriger zu einem Hofmaler in Saragossa in die Lehre und zog als 19-Jähriger nach Madrid. Abgesehen von wunderbar dekorativen Kartons für die Gobelinmanufaktur und fünf kleinen Bildern malte Goya bis zu seinem 37. Jahr nichts Bedeutendes, doch nach seiner Bestellung zum Hofmaler entfaltet er eine Produktivität, die der von Rubens nicht nachsteht. Es folgt ein zeitweise von Krankheit getrübtes Jahrzehnt unglaublichen Schaffens und der Skandale. In seinen Radierungen zeigt er sich als herausragender Zeichenkünstler. In seiner Malerei ist er stark von Velásquez beeinflusst und wie dieser von seinem Modell abhängig, wobei er sich einer rücksichtslosen Wirklichkeitstreue befleißigt, die gelegentlich auch in die Karikatur umschlägt. Hässlichkeit wird genau so dramatisiert wie Liebreiz und Schönheit. Seine Grafikzyklen, die Kaprizen und die Kapriolen sind aufs Sorgfältigste durchdacht und psychologische Meisterwerke. Seine “fantastischen Figuren” erfüllen uns mit einer hämischen Freude, regen unsere diabolischen Instinkte an und lassen uns erschauern. Am deutlichsten offenbar wird sein Genie in seinen Radierungen über die Schrecken des Krieges. Neben diesen Darstellungen wirkt jedes andere Kriegsbild blass und sentimental. Er konzentriert sich auf vereinzelte Szenen der Grausamkeit. Nirgendwo sonst zeigt er eine solche Beherrschung von Form und Bewegung, so dramatische Gesten und eine so gekonnte Wirkung von Licht und Dunkel wie in diesem Aufbegehren gegen die Gewalt. Doch malte er auch volksnahe Vergnügungen sowie Portraits. Vergessen wir nicht, dass dieser außerordentlich vielseitige Künstler auch das schönste spanische Aktbild, die Nackte Maja, schuf.

Goya

Amedeo Modigliani wurde 1884 in Livorno (Italien) geboren und starb im Alter von 35 Jahren in Paris. Die einzigartige visionäre Kraft des Künstlers speiste sich aus drei Quellen: Neben seiner Aufgeschlossenheit gegenüber seinem italienischen und klassischen Erbe zeigte er Verständnis für französischen Stil und französisches Feingefühl – besonders für die dichte künstlerische Atmosphäre im Paris des ausgehenden 19. Jahrhunderts – und ein von der jüdischen Tradition inspiriertes intellektuelles Problembewusstsein. Modigliani malte vor allem Portraits, die er in seinem ganz eigenen, melancholischen Stil verfremdete und in die Länge zog, sowie Akte von erhabener Schönheit und fremdartiger Erotik. Im Jahre 1906 zog es Modigliani nach Paris, dem Zentrum der künstlerischen Innovation und des internationalen Kunsthandels. Schon bald schloss er Freundschaft mit dem neoimpressionistischen Maler Maurice Utrillo (1883 bis 1955) und dem deutschen Maler Ludwig Meidner (1844 bis 1966). Bereits früh interessierte sich Modigliani für Aktstudien und das klassische Konzept der idealen Schönheit. Seine verwundenen Kompositionen und überdehnten Figuren wurden mit denen der Manieristen der Renaissance verglichen, besonders mit Parmigianino (1503 bis 1540) und El Greco (1541 bis 1614). Für seine Aktreihen übernahm Modigliani den Aufbau vieler berühmter Akte der Hochrenaissance, darunter solche von Giorgione (etwa 1477 bis 1510), Tizian (etwa 1488 bis 1576), Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780 bis 1867) und Velázquez (1599 bis 1660), vermied aber deren Romantisierung und kunstvoll dekorativen Charakter. Darüber hinaus war Modigliani auch mit den Arbeiten von Francisco de Goya (1746 bis 1828) und Edouard Manet (1832 bis 1883) vertraut – Künstler, die Kontroversen entfacht hatten, weil sie weibliche Akte realistisch malten und damit die künstlerische Konvention brachen, nach der Akte in mythologische, allegorische oder historische Szenen einzuordnen seien.

Modigliani

Die Mega Square-Ausgabe Skulptur umschließt 23.000 Jahre dieser Kunstform und mehr als 120 der beeindruckendsten Skulpturen der Welt: von prähistorischer Kunst über ägyptische Statuen und Michelangelo zu Henry Moore und Niki de Saint-Phalle. Das Buch beleuchtet die große Auswahl an Werken, die Evolution von Stilen über die Jahrhunderte und die Besonderheiten der wichtigsten Bildhauer. Sein praktisches Format macht es zu einem idealen Geschenk.

Skulpturen

Gemäß den etablierten kunsttechnischen Grundsätzen sollte ein Porträt vor allem ein naturgetreues Abbild der porträtierten Person darstellen. Im Laufe der Geschichte hat sich dieses Genre jedoch als weitaus komplexer erwiesen als es diese Richtlinie, die eine simple Nachahmung der Natur vorzuschreiben scheint, ausdrücken könnte. Das vorliegende Buch illustriert anhand einer umfangreichen Galerie von 1000 Porträts diese historische Entwicklung und bemüht sich darüberhinaus, dem umfangreichen Genre der Porträtmalerei gerecht zu werden. Denn das Porträt ist mehr als die bloße Nachahmung der Natur und muss über eine bloße Zurschaustellung der Fähigkeiten seines Schöpfers hinausgehen. So präzise und naturgetreu es auch sein mag, muss das Porträt vor allem der Vorstellung des Künstlers sowie der des Auftraggebers gerecht werden, ohne dass dabei die Erwartungen einer der beiden Parteien enttäuscht werden. Die hier ausgewählten Porträts, diese stummen Zeugen ihrer Zeit, sind deshalb mehr als nur die Gesichter historischer Figuren oder unbekannter Personen; sie enthüllen eher psychologische Tiefe als Identität, illustrieren Allegorien, dienen politischer und religiöser Propaganda und spiegeln die vergessenen Bräuche längst vergangener Epochen wider. Mit einer wahrhaft eindrucksvollen Auswahl an Meisterwerken der Porträtmalerei, begleitenden Kommentaren und biografischen Texten präsentiert dieses Werk eine umfangreiche Analyse verschiedenster Bildnisse, die dem Leser die Welt der Porträtmalerei eröffnen wird; einem Genre, das nicht nur effektiv die Entwicklung der Gesellschaft widerspiegelt, sondern auch die Kunstgeschichte über dreitausend Jahre hinweg maßgeblich beeinflusst hat.

1000 Meisterwerke der Malerei

Die Wiener Secession, gegründet von Gustav Klimt, Carl Moll und Josef Hoffmann, war ein Wegbereiter für die moderne Kunst. Zwanzig Künstler rebellierten gegen den erdrückenden Einfluss des konservativen Künstlerhauses auf die Wiener Kunstszene, gegen die veraltete Kunst einer Epoche und gegen die Mentalität des Kaiserreichs Österreich-Ungarn im Allgemeinen. Als Erben des Art Nouveau waren diese Künstler nicht einfach um ihre eigene Kunstnische bemüht, sondern strebten nach der Verwirklichung eines „Gesamtkunstwerks“, einem umfassenden Kunstbegriff, der Kunsthandwerk, bildende Kunst und Architektur vereinen sollte. Der Kampf der Secession repräsentierte gleichzeitig den Kampf vieler Kunsthandwerker, Architekten und Gestalter dieser Epoche, der Bevölkerung ein neues Kunstverständnis nahezubringen. Die Künstler der Secession kehrten der etablierten Kunst den Rücken, um mit neuen dekorativen Formen und Ideen zu experimentieren und sich für eine sinnträchtige, erotische Ästhetik zu öffnen – ein Weg, der sie auf Kollisionskurs mit dem gutbürgerlichen Empfinden der gehobenen Wiener Gesellschaft brachte. Dieser Bildband eröffnet dem Leser die Vielfalt und die Bildgewaltigkeit einer revolutionären Kunstbewegung, deren Motto „Der Zeit ihre Kunst. Der Kunst ihre Freiheit“ ein Ausdruck eines neuen, innovativen Kunstverständnisses ist, das sich allumfassend in der Malerei, Bildhauerei und Architektur dieser Gruppe widerspiegelt.

Wiener Secession

Von Michelangelo bis Rubens, Degas und Picasso hat die erotische Kunst viele große Meister fasziniert, die Werke schufen, die den Betrachter fesseln wie nur wenige andere. Trotz oder vielleicht gerade wegen dieser Anziehungskraft hat die erotische Kunst immer wieder Kontroversen hervorgerufen und musste sich regelmäßig gegen den Vorwurf der Pornographie verteidigen. Dieses Buch führt den Leser von frühen Darstellungen erotischer Szenen aus dem 16. und 17. Jahrhundert bis hin zu zeitgenössischen Highlights wie Picassos Skizzenbuchzeichnungen und umfasst dabei eine große Vielfalt an Stilen und Techniken.

Erotische Zeichnungen 120 illustrationen

The watercolour technique was for a long time the great companion to drawing. A mixture of water and pigments permitting great artistic freedom, it was often employed for preparatory sketches. Albrecht Dürer was one of the first to take advantage of all that watercolour offered. In the 18th century, English artists created of it an autonomous medium freed from academic constraints, an evolution which would have a considerable impact for following generations. Amongst the most famous artists to have produced watercolours, we find Turner, Whistler, Constable, Sargent, Van Gogh, Kandinsky, Klee, and Schiele.

1000 Watercolours of Genius

The Baroque period lasted from the beginning of the seventeenth century to the middle of the eighteenth century. Baroque art was artists’ response to the Catholic Church’s demand for solemn grandeur following the Council of Trent, and through its monumentality and grandiloquence it seduced the great European courts. Amongst the Baroque arts, architecture has, without doubt, left the greatest mark in Europe: the continent is dotted with magnificent Baroque churches and palaces, commissioned by patrons at the height of their power. The works of Gian Lorenzo Bernini of the Southern School and Peter Paul Rubens of the Northern School alone show the importance of this artistic period. Rich in images encompassing the arts of painting, sculpture and architecture, this work offers a complete insight into this passionate period in the history of art.

Baroque Art

Leben und Werk von Van Gogh sind so eng miteinander verbunden, dass es praktisch unmöglich ist, das eine von dem anderen zu trennen. Dr. Gachet zum Beispiel ist nicht nur Titel und Modell eines seiner Porträts, sondern zugleich der Mann, der ihm zu gleichen Teilen Zerbrechlichkeit und Talent attestierte. Zeitlebens entwickelte er mit seiner Kreativität und Technik neue Konzepte für die Malerei des 19. Jahrhunderts. Als einer der bedeutendsten Post-Impressionisten gilt er zugleich als Vorläufer der Expressionisten, der Fauvisten und der modernen Kunst. Einerseits ein kreatives Genie, repräsentiert er andererseits jedoch auch einen durch Krankheit gequälten Maler. Die leuchtenden Farben und skurrilen Pinselstriche werden so zu einem Spiegel der Seele und geben die flüchtige Natur seines Geisteszustands wider.

Vincent Van Gogh

Francisco Goya werd tweeëntachtig jaar (1746-1828) en gedurende die tijd produceerde hij eengeweldige hoeveelheid werk – ongeveer 500 olieverfschilderijen en wandschilderingen, bijna 300 etsen en steendrukplaten, en een paar honderd tekeningen. Hij was zowel een bekwaam schilder als tekenaar en hij experimenteerde met tal van technieken; zelfs aan het einde van zijn leven was hij een pionier in de nieuwe drukmethode van de lithografie. Goya was in wezen een figuratieve schilder en hij behandelde heel veel verschillende onderwerpen. Hij ontwikkelde zich tot de toonaangevende portretschilder van Spanje, verfraaide kerken in Saragossa en Madrid met altaarstukken en wandschilderingen en ontwierp wandtapijten die het leven in Madrid verbeeldden. Zijn talrijke privé-schetsboeken bevatten zijn persoonlijke waarnemingen.

September 4, 476 A. D. marked the end of the Western Roman Empire. After several centuries of prosperity, Europe sank into chaos. With Charlemagne, a new dynamic begins that of a civilising reconstruction. The Romanesque period is part of the rediscovery of this Roman Empire, lost in memories, but living on in the architectural testimonies of the cities and the countryside. In art history, Romanesque art refers to the period between the beginning of the 11th and the end of the 12th century. This era was characterised by a great diversity of regional schools, each practising their own unique style. In architecture as well as in sculpture, Romanesque art is marked by raw forms. Through its rich iconography and captivating text, this work endeavours to restore the importance of this art which is often overshadowed by the later Gothic style. Gothic art is defined by the powerful architecture of the cathedrals of northern France. It is a medieval art movement that evolved throughout Europe over 200 years. Abandoning curved Roman forms, the architects started using flying buttresses and pointed arches to open cathedrals to daylight. A period of great economic and social change, the Gothic era incorporated new iconography celebrating the Holy Mary — a drastic contrast  to the dismal themes of Roman times. Full of rich changes in all of the various art forms (architecture, sculpture, painting, etc.), Gothic art paved the way for the Italian Renaissance and the International Gothic movement.

Medieval Art in the Christian West

As a one of the foremost painters of the 20th century, Dalí, like Picasso and Warhol, can boast of having overturned the art of the previous century and directed contemporary art toward its present incarnation. As irrational as he was surrealist, this genius diverted objects from their original meanings, plunging them into the acid of his constantly churning imagination. A megalomaniac and an artist who understood above all the force of marketing and publicity, Dalí disorientates the viewer in order to draw him into the artist’s world. On his canvases, images and colours crash together to express and mock certain ideas, creating a subversive eroticism that taps into the subconscious of the avid voyeurs that we are. The author, Eric Shanes, explores the twists and turns of Dalí’s mad genius, commenting on the masterpieces of the painter so as to show the diversity and scope of his talent, leaving the reader blown away and bewitched by this Prince of Metamorphosis. This work opens up the sweet, mad universe of this megalomaniac genius and invites us to let ourselves be overcome … Dalí is, first and foremost, an absolute.

Salvador Dalí

Egyptian art is perhaps the most impersonal that exists. The artist effaces himself. But he has such an innate sense of life, a sense so directly moved and so limpid that everything of life which he describes seems defi ned by that sense, to issue from the natural gesture, from the exact attitude, in which one no longer sees stiffness. His impersonality resembles that of the trees bowing in the wind with a single movement and without resistance, or that of the water which wrinkles into equal circles all moving in the same direction. From afar, Egyptian art seems changeless and forever like itself. From nearby, it offers, like that of all the other peoples, the spectacle of great evolutions, of progress toward freedom of expression, of researches in imposed hieratism. Egypt is so far from us that it all seems on the same plane. One forgets that there are fi fteen or twenty centuries, the age of Christianity — between the “Seated Scribe” and the great classic period, twentyfive or thirty centuries, fi fty, perhaps — twice the time that separates us from Pericles and Phidias — between the pyramids and the Saite school, the last living manifestation of the Egyptian ideal. Egypt died of her need of eternity.

Egyptian art

In the arts, Neoclassicism is a historical tradition or aesthetic attitude based on the art of Greece and Rome in antiquity. The movement started around the 18th-century, age of Enlightenment, and continued into the early 19th-century The general credo associated with the aesthetic attitude of Classicism was that art had to be rational and therefore morally better. Neoclassicists also believed that art should be cerebral, not sensual and therefore characterised by clarity of form, sober colours and shallow space. It was a reaction against both the surviving Baroque and Rococo styles, and a desire to return to the perceived ""purity"" of the arts of Rome. The important artists of the movement include the sculptors Antonio Canova,Jean-Antoine Houdon and Bertel Thorvaldsen, and the painters J.A.D. Ingres, Jacques-Louis David and Anton Raphael Mengs.

Neoclassicism

The seascapes of Ivan Aivazovsky (1817-1900) made his name in Russia, his native country where he was a painter of the court of Nicholas I, yet his fame barely extended beyond these borders. Master of the Sublime, he made the ocean the principal subject of his work. Sometimes wild and raging, sometimes calm and peaceful, the life of the ocean is composed of as many allegories as the human condition. Like Turner, whom he knew and whose art he admired, he never painted outside in nature, nor did he make preliminary sketches; hispaintings were the fruit of his exceptional memory. With more than 6,000 canvasses, Aivazovsky was one of the most prolific painters of his time.

Ivan Aivazovsky and the Russian Painters of Water

Pieter Brueghel was the first important member of a family of artists who were active for four generations. Firstly a drawer before becoming a painter later, he painted religious themes, such as Babel Tower, with very bright colours. Influenced by Hieronymus Bosch, he painted large, complex scenes of peasant life and scripture or spiritual allegories, often with crowds of subjects performing a variety of acts, yet his scenes are unified with an informal integrity and often with wit. In his work, he brought a new humanising spirit. Befriending the Humanists, Brueghel composed true philosophical landscapes in the heart of which man accepts passively his fate, caught in the track of time.

The Brueghels

For many people, Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) was undoubtedly the most important artist of the 20th century. Born in Málaga, Spain, Picasso revealed his genius at a very early age and was quick to make contact with the most advanced art circles of his time, first in Barcelona and later in Paris. In the modernist quest for novelty, Picasso turned to pre-modern history and ÂprimitiveÊ art for inspiration. We owe him and his colleague Georges Braque the invention of Cubism, not just one of many avant-garde movements but the aesthetic that would change the art of painting forever. Once free from traditional values, Picasso produced an outstanding oeuvre, both in terms of variety and quality.

Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso Masterworks - Volume 2

Art Deco style was established on the ashes of a disappeared world, the one from before the First World War, and on the foundation stone of a world yet to become, opened to the most undisclosed promises. Forgetting herself in the whirl of Jazz Age and the euphoria of the “Années Folles”, the Garçonne with her linear shape reflects the architectural style of Art Deco: to the rounded curves succeed the simple and plain androgynous straight line… Architecture, painting, furniture and sculpture, dissected by the author, proclaim the druthers for sharp lines and broken angles. Although ephemeral, this movement keeps on influencing contemporary design.

Art Deco

A symbol of massive crowds and solitary desires, the city holds promise for all those that pass through it. Its meandering streets, unexplored neighbourhoods and incessant noise create a landscape that captivates the observer. The lights of the city can conceal or reveal it, transforming its appearance hour by hour, offering countless facets to the passerby. While the light of morning pulls the city from its torpor and renews it for the dawning day, the nocturnal illumination plunges the pedestrian into the strangeness of its mysteries, creating a striking and ephemeral beauty. Between the shadow and the light, these original photographs reveal the fragile glow of the city, and help us rediscover the eternal pulse of these great capitals, simultaneously surprising and sublime.

City Lights

Gothic art finds its roots in the powerful architecture of the cathedrals of northern France. It is a medieval art movement that evolved throughout Europe over more than 200 years. Leaving curved Roman forms behind, the architects started using flying buttresses and pointed arches to open up cathedrals to daylight. A period of great economic and social change, the Gothic era also saw the development of a new iconography celebrating the Holy Mary – in drastic contrast to the fearful themes of dark Roman times. Full of rich changes in all of the various art forms (architecture, sculpture, painting, etc.), Gothic art paved the way for the Italian Renaissance and International Gothic movement.

Gothic Art

Goya is perhaps the most approachable of painters. His art, like his life, is an open book. He concealed nothing from his contemporaries, and offered his art to them with the same frankness. The entrance to his world is not barricaded with technical difficulties. He proved that if a man has the capacity to live and multiply his experiences, to fight and work, he can produce great art without classical decorum and traditional respectability. He was born in 1746, in Fuendetodos, a small mountain village of a hundred inhabitants. As a child he worked in the fields with his two brothers and his sister until his talent for drawing put an end to his misery. At fourteen, supported by a wealthy patron, he went to Saragossa to study with a court painter and later, when he was nineteen, on to Madrid. Up to his thirty-seventh year, if we leave out of account the tapestry cartoons of unheralded decorative quality and five small pictures, Goya painted nothing of any significance, but once in control of his refractory powers, he produced masterpieces with the speed of Rubens. His court appointment was followed by a decade of incessant activity – years of painting and scandal, with intervals of bad health. Goya’s etchings demonstrate a draughtsmanship of the first rank. In paint, like Velázquez, he is more or less dependent on the model, but not in the detached fashion of the expert in still-life. If a woman was ugly, he made her a despicable horror; if she was alluring, he dramatised her charm. He preferred to finish his portraits at one sitting and was a tyrant with his models. Like Velázquez, he concentrated on faces, but he drew his heads cunningly, and constructed them out of tones of transparent greys. Monstrous forms inhabit his black-and-white world: these are his most profoundly deliberated productions. His fantastic figures, as he called them, fill us with a sense of ignoble joy, aggravate our devilish instincts and delight us with the uncharitable ecstasies of destruction. His genius attained its highest point in his etchings on the horrors of war. When placed beside the work of Goya, other pictures of war pale into sentimental studies of cruelty. He avoided the scattered action of the battlefield, and confined himself to isolated scenes of butchery. Nowhere else did he display such mastery of form and movement, such dramatic gestures and appalling effects of light and darkness. In all directions Goya renewed and innovated.

John Constable was the first English landscape painter to take no lessons from the Dutch. He is rather indebted to the landscapes of Rubens, but his real model was Gainsborough, whose landscapes, with great trees planted in well-balanced masses on land sloping upwards towards the frame, have a rhythm often found in Rubens. Constable’s originality does not lie in his choice of subjects, which frequently repeated themes beloved by Gainsborough. Nevertheless, Constable seems to belong to a new century; he ushered in a new era. The difference in his approach results both from technique and feeling. Excepting the French, Constable was the first landscape painter to consider as a primary and essential task the sketch made direct from nature at a single sitting; an idea which contains in essence the destinies of modern landscape, and perhaps of most modern painting. It is this momentary impression of all things which will be the soul of the future work. Working at leisure upon the large canvas, an artist’s aim is to enrich and complete the sketch while retaining its pristine freshness. These are the two processes to which Constable devoted himself, while discovering the exuberant abundance of life in the simplest of country places. He had the palette of a creative colourist and a technique of vivid hatchings heralding that of the French impressionists. He audaciously and frankly introduced green into painting, the green of lush meadows, the green of summer foliage, all the greens which, until then, painters had refused to see except through bluish, yellow, or more often brown spectacles. Of the great landscape painters who occupied so important a place in nineteenth-century art, Corot was probably the only one to escape the influence of Constable. All the others are more or less direct descendants of the master of East Bergholt.

Constable

Botticelli is a painter not of facts, but of ideas, and his pictures are not so much a representation of certain objects as a pattern of forms. Nor is his colouring rich and lifelike; it is subordinated to form, and often rather a tinting than actual colour. In fact, he was interested in the abstract possibilities of his art rather than in the concrete. For example, his compositions, as has just been said, are a pattern of forms; his figures do not actually occupy well-defined places in a well-defined area of space; they do not attract us by their suggestion of bulk, but as shapes of form, suggesting rather a flat pattern of decoration. Accordingly, the lines which enclose the figures are chosen with the primary intention of being decorative. It has been said that Botticelli, “though one of the worst anatomists, was one of the greatest draughtsmen of the Renaissance.” As an example of false anatomy we may notice the impossible way in which the Madonna’s head is attached to the neck, and other instances of faulty articulation and incorrect form of limbs may be found in Botticelli’s pictures. Yet he is recognised as one of the greatest draughtsmen: he gave to ‘line’ not only intrinsic beauty, but also significance. In mathematical language, he resolved the movement of the figure into its factors, its simplest forms of expression, and then combined these various forms into a pattern which, by its rhythmical and harmonious lines, produces an effect upon our imagination, corresponding to the sentiments of grave and tender poetry that filled the artist himself. This power of making every line count in both significance and beauty distinguishes the great master- draughtsmen from the vast majority of artists who used line mainly as a necessary means of representing concrete objects.

Sandro Botticelli

Marc Chagall was born into a strict Jewish family for whom the ban on representations of the human figure had the weight of dogma. A failure in the entrance examination for the Stieglitz School did not stop Chagall from later joining that famous school founded by the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts and directed by Nicholas Roerich. Chagall moved to Paris in 1910. The city was his “second Vitebsk”. At first, isolated in the little room on the Impasse du Maine at La Ruche, Chagall soon found numerous compatriots also attracted by the prestige of Paris: Lipchitz, Zadkine, Archipenko and Soutine, all of whom were to maintain the “smell” of his native land. From his very arrival Chagall wanted to “discover everything”. And to his dazzled eyes painting did indeed reveal itself. Even the most attentive and partial observer is at times unable to distinguish the “Parisian”, Chagall from the “Vitebskian”. The artist was not full of contradictions, nor was he a split personality, but he always remained different; he looked around and within himself and at the surrounding world, and he used his present thoughts and recollections. He had an utterly poetical mode of thought that enabled him to pursue such a complex course. Chagall was endowed with a sort of stylistic immunity: he enriched himself without destroying anything of his own inner structure. Admiring the works of others he studied them ingenuously, ridding himself of his youthful awkwardness, yet never losing his authenticity for a moment. At times Chagall seemed to look at the world through magic crystal – overloaded with artistic experimentation – of the Ecole de Paris. In such cases he would embark on a subtle and serious play with the various discoveries of the turn of the century and turned his prophetic gaze like that of a biblical youth, to look at himself ironically and thoughtfully in the mirror. Naturally, it totally and uneclectically reflected the painterly discoveries of Cézanne, the delicate inspiration of Modigliani, and the complex surface rhythms recalling the experiments of the early Cubists (See-Portrait at the Easel, 1914). Despite the analyses which nowadays illuminate the painter’s Judaeo-Russian sources, inherited or borrowed but always sublime, and his formal relationships, there is always some share of mystery in Chagall’s art. The mystery perhaps lies in the very nature of his art, in which he uses his experiences and memories. Painting truly is life, and perhaps life is painting.

In art history, the term ‘Romanesque art’ distinguishes the period between the beginning of the 11th and the end of the 12th century. This era showed a great diversity of regional schools each with their own unique style. In architecture as well as in sculpture, Romanesque art is marked by raw forms. Through its rich iconography and captivating text, this work reclaims the importance of this art which is today often overshadowed by the later Gothic style.

Romanesque Art

The lighthouse, an indefatigable watchman, ceaselessly guides boats to their ports.This beacon of maritime signalisation has guided sailors since antiquity.The first known lighthouse appeared on the island of Pharos, and was the remarkable Lighthouse of Alexandria; however, it seems that volcanoes like Stromboli and its frequent eruptions were possibly at the origin of this invention, as the fires guided boats to their shores. Faced with the increasing development of modern navigational aids, these lone sentinels do not hold the same functional importance today. However, this work emphasises not only their role as a major architectural development, but also the place that they hold in the cultural heritage of the world. From the Lighthouse of the Whales (France) to the Lighthouse at the End of the World (Tierra del Fuego,Argentina), and passing by the Lighthouse of Green Island (Canada) and the Bell Rock Lighthouse (Scotland), this work invites the reader to rediscover the richness of these witnesses of other times.

Lighthouses

Long thought of as the neglected stepchild of painting, the art of drawing has recently begun to enjoy a place in the sun. With major museums around the world, from the Met to the Uffizi, mounting exhibitions focused on the art of draughtsmanship, drawing is receiving more critical and academic attention than ever before. This captivating text gives readers a sweeping analysis of the history of drawing, from Renaissance greats like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, to Modernist masters like M.C. Escher, Pablo Picasso, and everyone in between.

1000 Drawings of Genius

Delve into the exquisite, sensuous sculpture of Camille Claudel with this in-depth look at her remarkable body of work. Along with many of her paintings and drawings, her sculpture is examined with a focus which reveals every intricate detail of her incredible renditions of movement and human emotions. Fascinated from a young age by crafting models with her hands, French sculptor, painter, and draughtswoman Camille Claudel (1864-1943) fought to overcome the hurdles placed in the way of female artists and carved a place for herself in the history of art. Following an apprenticeship with Alfred Boucher, Claudel entered the studio of Auguste Rodin, with whom she had a tumultuous ten-year love affair which often threatened to eclipse her art. The two artists had a profound impact on one another, each of their features appearing in the other’s work. After breaking off the relationship to forge her own path, Claudel created a stunning, incredibly modern oeuvre. Though many were destroyed by her own hands, those that remain are a powerful testament to her artistic genius.

Camille Claudel

In utter contrast to the obscurity of the medieval period which preceded it, the rapid and unexpected arrival of the Renaissance conquered Europe during the 14th to the 16th centuries. Placing man at its centre, the actors of this illustrious movement radically altered their vision of the world and refocused their aesthetic pursuits towards anatomy, perspective, and the natural sciences. Creator of numerous talents, the Renaissance offered the history of art great names such as Botticelli, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci, whose glorious masterpieces still today hang on the walls of museums the world over.

Renaissance Paintings

He was the son of a citizen in comfortable circumstances, and had been, in Vasari’s words, “instructed in all such things as children are usually taught before they choose a calling.” However, he refused to give his attention to reading, writing and accounts, continues Vasari, so that his father, despairing of his ever becoming a scholar, apprenticed him to the goldsmith Botticello: whence came the name by which the world remembers him. However, Sandro, a stubborn-featured youth with large, quietly searching eyes and a shock of yellow hair – he has left a portrait of himself on the right-hand side of his picture of the Adoration of the Magi – would also become a painter, and to that end was placed with the Carmelite monk Fra Filippo Lippi. But he was a realist, as the artists of his day had become, satisfied with the joy and skill of painting, and with the study of the beauty and character of the human subject instead of religious themes. Botticelli made rapid progress, loved his master, and later on extended his love to his master’s son, Filippino Lippi, and taught him to paint, but the master’s realism scarcely touched Lippi, for Botticelli was a dreamer and a poet. Botticelli is a painter not of facts, but of ideas, and his pictures are not so much a representation of certain objects as a pattern of forms. Nor is his colouring rich and lifelike; it is subordinated to form, and often rather a tinting than actual colour. In fact, he was interested in the abstract possibilities of his art rather than in the concrete. For example, his compositions, as has just been said, are a pattern of forms; his figures do not actually occupy well-defined places in a well-defined area of space; they do not attract us by their suggestion of bulk, but as shapes of form, suggesting rather a flat pattern of decoration. Accordingly, the lines which enclose the figures are chosen with the primary intention of being decorative. It has been said that Botticelli, “though one of the worst anatomists, was one of the greatest draughtsmen of the Renaissance.” As an example of false anatomy we may notice the impossible way in which the Madonna’s head is attached to the neck, and other instances of faulty articulation and incorrect form of limbs may be found in Botticelli’s pictures. Yet he is recognised as one of the greatest draughtsmen: he gave to ‘line’ not only intrinsic beauty, but also significance. In mathematical language, he resolved the movement of the figure into its factors, its simplest forms of expression, and then combined these various forms into a pattern which, by its rhythmical and harmonious lines, produces an effect upon our imagination, corresponding to the sentiments of grave and tender poetry that filled the artist himself. This power of making every line count in both significance and beauty distinguishes the great master- draughtsmen from the vast majority of artists who used line mainly as a necessary means of representing concrete objects.

Botticelli

The European continent gathers together, without a doubt, the most famous works of art, evidence of the history of Western art. The cultural capitals and their emblematic museums contain paintings, sculptures, or rather works of art, devised by the great artists, representative of European culture. From Madrid to London, passing through Prague, the major works of the old continent are presented here. Thanks to detailed information about the museums and their collections, you, too, can explore and discover Europe’s fascinating cultural heritage.

Art in Europe

Over the course of history, many wars have changed the political and cultural landscape of our world. While these events are defined by their upheaval and violence, they frequently contribute to the formation of the identity of entire generations or groups of people, and thus have significant cultural effects. Despite the physical and emotional destruction that occurs during these turbulent periods, they have inspired prolific artistic creation. In the wake of traumatic events over the centuries, a myriad of artists have produced works that immortalise the most dramatic moments of these wars in order to establish them in history forever. This book presents beautiful images depicting famous battles and war scenes, accompanied by the iconic text of the legendary Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu, as well as texts documenting notable moments of different wars, each written by well-known writers. From Uccello’s The Battle of San Romano to Picasso’s Guernica, this work offers a captivating look at artworks inspired by war and what they reveal about humanity’s history.

Art of War

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) - Volume 1

Russian countryside is some of the world’s most lovely, from the celebrated explosions of wild flowers that fill its forests in the spring, to the icy winter tundra that defeated the advances of Napoleon and Hitler, and provided the backdrop for the drama of many of Russian literature’s celebrated scenes. And no one immortalized it better than Ivan Shishkin (1832-1898), a Russian landscape painter. In this comprehensive work of scholarship, Irina Shuvalova and Victoria Charles make a thorough examination of Shishkin’s work.

Ivan Shishkin

Since the first funerary statues were placed in the first sepulchres, the ideas of death and the afterlife have always held a prominent place at the heart of the art world. An unlimited source of inspiration where artists can search for the expression of the infinite, death remains the object of numerous rich illustrations, as various as they are mysterious. The ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, the forever sleeping statues on medieval tombs, and the Romantic and Symbolist movements of the 19th century are all evidence of the incessant interest that fuels the creation of artworks featuring themes of death and what lies beyond it. In this work, Victoria Charles analyses how, through the centuries, art has become the reflection of these interrogations linked to mankind’s fate and the hereafter.

The Art of Death. Myths and Rites

relevance|desc

publishdate|desc

publishdate|asc

rating|desc

title|asc

author_lastname|asc

BookBeat gibt dir Zugang zu Tausenden von Büchern direkt auf deinem Smartphone. Finde deinen nächsten Favoriten, indem du durch unsere Toplisten und Kategorien blätterst.

Liest du gern deine Bücher? Entdecke Tausende von E-Books bei BookBeat. Natürlich kannst du aus verschiedenen Genres wie Beststeller, Krimi, Romance, Sachbuch und vielen mehr wählen!

Tausende von E-Books auf deinem Handy. Stöber los und finde noch heute dein neues Lieblingsbuch!

In unserem Bücherregal - Hörbücher und Hörspiele

Mit BookBeat kannst du über 1 Million Hörbücher und E-Books auf deinem Smartphone und Tablet genießen. Teste gratis!

BookBeat - Hörbücher und E-Books direkt auf dem Handy. Teste gratis!

Sofern du nicht auf einer Abenteuerreise bist, solltest du dich auf der Webseite für {country} registrieren.

Hier kannst du die beliebtesten Autor*innen und Bücher in der BookBeat App durchstöbern. Wir haben eine herrliche Auswahl verschiedener Autor*innen und Genres und diese Liste wird sicher dein nächstes großes Leseerlebnis inspirieren!

{AuthorName} Bücher - BookBeat

{NarratorName} als SprecherIn - BookBeat

Bist du auf der Jagd nach neuen Lieblingssprecher*innen oder hast du schon Favoriten, denen du noch mehr zuhören möchtest? Das regeln wir für dich! Hier haben wir die beliebtesten Sprecher*innen und die von ihnen gelesenen Bücher zusammengestellt.

Suche - BookBeat

Titel

Person, die den Abwasch macht und gleichzeitig BookBeat hört.

Autor*in

Victoria Charles

Leg noch heute mit BookBeat los

Über uns

Folge uns

Hilfe & Kontakt

Info

BookBeat

BookBeat herunterladen